See bristle on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "abristle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "basal bristle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Breda spp.",
"word": "bristlebill"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Dasyornis spp.",
"word": "bristlebird"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "Pinus subsect. Balfourianae spp.",
"word": "bristlecone"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "Merulaxis",
"word": "bristlefront"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Setaria spp.",
"word": "bristlegrass"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bristlehead"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bristleless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bristlelike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Orthotrichum spp.",
"word": "bristle moss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bristlemouth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bristler"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "Austrochloritis",
"word": "bristle snail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bristlet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bristle-tail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bristletail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bristleworm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Polychaeta spp.",
"word": "bristle worm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bristly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nanobristle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rebristle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "yellow bristle grass"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bristil"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bristil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bristl"
},
"expansion": "Old English bristl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*burstilu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *burstilu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bursti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bursti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burstiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burstiz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "borstel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch borstel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Borste",
"t": "boar's bristle"
},
"expansion": "German Borste (“boar's bristle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "burst"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic burst",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰr̥stís"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥stís",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "brostaid",
"t": "to goad, spur"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish brostaid (“to goad, spur”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fastīgium",
"t": "top"
},
"expansion": "Latin fastīgium (“top”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "barszcz",
"t": "hogweed"
},
"expansion": "Polish barszcz (“hogweed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brust",
"3": "le",
"id2": "diminutive noun"
},
"expansion": "brust + -le",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bristil, bristel, brustel, from Old English bristl, byrst, *brystl, *byrstel, from Proto-West Germanic *burstilu, diminutive of Proto-West Germanic *bursti, from Proto-Germanic *burstiz (compare Dutch borstel, German Borste (“boar's bristle”), Icelandic burst), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥stís (compare Middle Irish brostaid (“to goad, spur”), Latin fastīgium (“top”), Polish barszcz (“hogweed”)), equivalent to brust + -le.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bristles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bristle (plural bristles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the bristles of a pig",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stiff or coarse hair, usually and especially on a nonhuman mammal."
],
"id": "en-bristle-en-noun-sacLvZlO",
"links": [
[
"stiff",
"stiff"
],
[
"coarse",
"coarse"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"nonhuman",
"nonhuman#English"
],
[
"mammal",
"mammal#English"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "četina",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "четина"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerra"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "štětina"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "børste"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "stoppelhaar"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bust"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "harjas"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "soie"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "seda"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "serda"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Borste"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "mêrinx",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μῆριγξ"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "heu"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "sörte"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "pelo ispido"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "barba corta ispida"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "saeta"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "četina",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "четина"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "wana"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "perehina"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "tarakina"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pel"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "qıl",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "قیل"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "szczecina"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sierść"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerda"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščetína",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "щети́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "čekinja"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "kostret"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "kostrijet"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "četina"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "osje"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerda"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ceda"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "seta"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "seda"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "borst"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "svinborst"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "tutsang"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "sert kıl"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ščetýna",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "щети́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "vot",
"lang": "Votic",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "śtšetina"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 5",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gwrych"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 10 13 3 19 23 3 20 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 15 3 19 22 3 23 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 14 1 20 22 1 26 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A chaeta: an analogous filament on arthropods, annelids, or other animals."
],
"id": "en-bristle-en-noun-gc9bffi6",
"links": [
[
"chaeta",
"chaeta#English"
],
[
"filament",
"filament#English"
],
[
"arthropods",
"arthropod#English"
],
[
"annelids",
"annelid#English"
],
[
"animals",
"animal#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 10 13 3 19 23 3 20 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 14 5 16 19 5 23 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -le (diminutive noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 15 3 19 22 3 23 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 14 1 20 22 1 26 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The hairs or other filaments that make up a brush, broom, or similar item, typically made from plant cellulose, animal hairs, or synthetic polymers."
],
"id": "en-bristle-en-noun-5hRauksi",
"links": [
[
"brush",
"brush"
],
[
"broom",
"broom"
],
[
"cellulose",
"cellulose#English"
],
[
"polymers",
"polymer#English"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "børste"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "børstehår"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"word": "borstelhaar"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"word": "harjas"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"word": "poil"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Borste"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"word": "sörte"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"word": "szőr"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"word": "szál"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "setola"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "setole"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pel"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "włosie"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerda"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščetína",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "щети́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vors",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ворс"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerda"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "borst"
},
{
"_dis1": "26 0 74",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"word": "kıl"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹɪsəl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bristle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹʌsəl/",
"note": "dated, rural folk speech of New England and Upstate New York"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹɪstəl/",
"note": "dated, Southern US rural folk speech"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-bristle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪsəl"
}
],
"word": "bristle"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bristling"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bristil"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bristil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bristl"
},
"expansion": "Old English bristl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*burstilu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *burstilu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bursti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bursti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burstiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burstiz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "borstel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch borstel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Borste",
"t": "boar's bristle"
},
"expansion": "German Borste (“boar's bristle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "burst"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic burst",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰr̥stís"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥stís",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "brostaid",
"t": "to goad, spur"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish brostaid (“to goad, spur”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fastīgium",
"t": "top"
},
"expansion": "Latin fastīgium (“top”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "barszcz",
"t": "hogweed"
},
"expansion": "Polish barszcz (“hogweed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brust",
"3": "le",
"id2": "diminutive noun"
},
"expansion": "brust + -le",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bristil, bristel, brustel, from Old English bristl, byrst, *brystl, *byrstel, from Proto-West Germanic *burstilu, diminutive of Proto-West Germanic *bursti, from Proto-Germanic *burstiz (compare Dutch borstel, German Borste (“boar's bristle”), Icelandic burst), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥stís (compare Middle Irish brostaid (“to goad, spur”), Latin fastīgium (“top”), Polish barszcz (“hogweed”)), equivalent to brust + -le.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bristles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bristling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bristled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bristled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bristle (third-person singular simple present bristles, present participle bristling, simple past and past participle bristled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1805, Walter Scott, “(please specify the page)”, in The Lay of the Last Minstrel: A Poem, London: […] [James Ballantyne] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, […], and A[rchibald] Constable and Co., […], →OCLC:",
"text": "His hair did bristle upon his head.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1929, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Disintegration Machine:",
"text": "He sat down with his elbows upon the desk, his gorilla hands clasped together, his beard bristling forward, and his big grey eyes, half-covered by his drooping lids, fixed benignly upon me.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rise or stand erect, like bristles."
],
"id": "en-bristle-en-verb-Ta1V~X50",
"links": [
[
"rise",
"rise"
],
[
"stand",
"stand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To rise or stand erect, like bristles."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "54 2 3 39 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nastrǎhvam",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "настръхвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 2 3 39 2 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "hirtiĝi"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 2 3 39 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "se hérisser"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 2 3 39 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "erizar"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 2 3 39 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "encrechar"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 2 3 39 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "recachar"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 2 3 39 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "najeżyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 2 3 39 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "eriçar"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 2 3 39 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščetínitʹsja",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "щети́ниться"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 2 3 39 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oščetínivatʹsja",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ощети́ниваться"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 2 3 39 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oščetínitʹsja",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ощети́ниться"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 2 3 39 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "topórščitʹsja",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "топо́рщиться"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 2 3 39 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "erizar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 10 13 3 19 23 3 20 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 14 5 16 19 5 23 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -le (diminutive noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 7 10 3 13 30 3 30 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 15 3 19 22 3 23 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "2 12 14 1 20 22 1 26 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 5, in Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:",
"text": "the hill of La Haye Sainte bristling with ten thousand bayonets",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 2, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:",
"text": "ports bristling with thousands of masts",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 August 1, David Hytner, “Aubameyang at the double as Arsenal turn tables on Chelsea to win FA Cup”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "Kieran Tierney did not want to risk a challenge on Pulisic, who darted on to the ball with far greater purpose, and the dink over Emi Martínez bristled with composure.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To abound, to be covered with, or to have an abundance of, something, especially something jutting out."
],
"id": "en-bristle-en-verb-99CO0Zug",
"links": [
[
"with",
"with"
],
[
"abound",
"abound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, usually with with) To abound, to be covered with, or to have an abundance of, something, especially something jutting out."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with with"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 10 13 3 19 23 3 20 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 14 5 16 19 5 23 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -le (diminutive noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 7 10 3 13 30 3 30 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 14 1 20 22 1 26 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The employees bristled at the prospect of working through the holidays.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:",
"text": "Now for the bare-picked bone of majesty / Doth dogged war bristle his angry crest.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 70:",
"text": "Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers. Piling debt onto companies’ balance-sheets is only a small part of what leveraged buy-outs are about, they insist. Improving the workings of the businesses they take over is just as core to their calling, if not more so. Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 May 5, Barry Doe, “The Independent has a better grasp than GWR's spokesman”, in RAIL, number 930, page 58:",
"text": "If only the industry could be honest and explain why it has been forced, owing to government policies, to increase fares over the quarter century since privatisation. Instead, it is defensive and clearly bristles with annoyance when someone merely states the facts.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be on one's guard or raise one's defenses; to react with fear, suspicion, or distance."
],
"id": "en-bristle-en-verb-FyrRK-3C",
"links": [
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"with",
"with"
],
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"defenses",
"defenses"
],
[
"react",
"react"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
],
[
"suspicion",
"suspicion"
],
[
"distance",
"distance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, usually with at or with) To be on one's guard or raise one's defenses; to react with fear, suspicion, or distance."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with at or with"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1621, Philippus Camerarius, “Of the heroicall nature of Lions , tormented in ſome Conntreys with Gnats to the death” (chapter II), in Iohn Molle, transl., The Living Librarie, or, Meditations and Observations Historical, Natural,Moral, Political, and Poetical, London: […] Adam Islip, page 77:",
"text": "The lion is let looſe inthe night, and the Earle hauing a night-gowne caſt ouer his ſhirt, with his girdle and ſword, and ſo comming downe the ſtaires into the court, meeteth with the lion briſtling his haire, and roaring.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1627, “The Second Booke”, in A Relation of a Iourney begun An. Dom. 1610. […], 3rd edition, London: […] Ro. Allot, page 101:",
"text": "As for the Icnumon, hee hath but onely chāged his name;now called the Rat of Nilus.A beaſt particular to Ægypt,about the bigneſſe of a Cat, and as cleanly: ſnowted like a Ferret , but that blacke and without long haire,ſharpe tootht,round eard,ſhort legd,long taild (being thicke where it ioynes to the body,and ſpinie at the end)his haire ſharpe, hard,and branded, briſtling it vp when angry, and then will flye vpon a maſtiffe.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1631, Guillaume de Salluste Du Bartas, “The Tropheis. […]”, in Iosvah Sylvester, transl., Du Bartas: His Deuine Weekes And Workes […], page 196, column 1:",
"text": "As,when(at Cock-pit)two old Cocks doe fight,\n(Briſtling their Plumes,&(red with rage)do ſmite […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) rise or stand erect, like bristles."
],
"id": "en-bristle-en-verb-5Hul1tvl",
"links": [
[
"rise",
"rise"
],
[
"stand",
"stand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, now rare or obsolete) To make (something) rise or stand erect, like bristles."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 10 13 3 19 23 3 20 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 14 5 16 19 5 23 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -le (diminutive noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 7 10 3 13 30 3 30 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 15 3 19 22 3 23 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 14 1 20 22 1 26 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 11 15 7 13 17 6 22 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "6 10 13 5 14 19 4 27 3",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "6 10 13 4 14 19 3 27 3",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "8 11 14 4 13 18 3 27 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "3 10 13 3 15 20 3 30 3",
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"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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{
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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{
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "12 9 12 3 13 17 3 24 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "3 10 13 3 15 20 3 30 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 10 13 3 15 20 3 27 3",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Votic translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "12 16 15 1 14 13 1 25 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Hair",
"orig": "en:Hair",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Your blatant attitude always bristles me.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Guest Worker Programs: […], United States Government Publishing Office, page 116:",
"text": "Mr. Berman, you know me well enough to know that I—and it just bristles me when I hear agriculture thrown into one lump basket, that we’re a bunch of crooks and treat our workers bad, because that is not the case. I have—I wish you could talk to some of my farm workers.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016 November 20, Lauren Blakely, Out of Bounds, Bloomsbury Publishing, page 65:",
"text": "I scowl. “Pretty sure women are not explicitly forbidden in my contract.”\nHe lowers his voice. “No, but it’s good to be cautious when you're trying to rehab a public image.”\nSomething about the comment bristles me. “Hey, it’s not my image. I’ve always been good.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 February, Phoenix LeFae, Gwion Raven, Life Ritualized: A Witch's Guide to Honoring Life's Important Moments, Llewellyn Worldwide, page 135:",
"text": "When we take on a new name, it can be hard for other people to get used to. […] But if someone new in my life calls me that old name, it bristles me. That’s not who I am.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 April, Terry Westby-Nunn, The Artist Vanishes, Penguin Random House South Africa, page 159:",
"text": "‘No. I don’t believe in wasting my money on crap like that.’\n‘It’s not your money, it’s mine.’ I can see the comment bristles him; he feels inadequate: his daughter is wealthier than he’s ever been.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (someone) to be on one's guard or raise one's defenses."
],
"id": "en-bristle-en-verb-s16DdusF",
"links": [
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"defenses",
"defenses"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, uncommon) To cause (someone) to be on one's guard or raise one's defenses."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to bristle a thread",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "For quotations using this term, see Citations:bristle."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fix a bristle or bristles to."
],
"id": "en-bristle-en-verb-fKn5thCs",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To fix a bristle or bristles to."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹɪsəl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bristle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹʌsəl/",
"note": "dated, rural folk speech of New England and Upstate New York"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹɪstəl/",
"note": "dated, Southern US rural folk speech"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-bristle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪsəl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 7 50 0 42 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "recht overeind staan"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 50 0 42 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "stekelig reageren"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 50 0 42 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zjeżyć się"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 50 0 42 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "ponerse a la defensiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 50 0 42 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "resa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 50 0 42 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "stå på ända"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 50 0 42 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "resa ragg"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 50 0 42 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "lystra"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 50 0 42 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "skjuta rygg"
}
],
"word": "bristle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -le (diminutive noun)",
"English verbs",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subsection)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪsəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪsəl/2 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hawaiian translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Votic translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Hair"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abristle"
},
{
"word": "basal bristle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Breda spp.",
"word": "bristlebill"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Dasyornis spp.",
"word": "bristlebird"
},
{
"alt": "Pinus subsect. Balfourianae spp.",
"word": "bristlecone"
},
{
"english": "Merulaxis",
"word": "bristlefront"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Setaria spp.",
"word": "bristlegrass"
},
{
"word": "bristlehead"
},
{
"word": "bristleless"
},
{
"word": "bristlelike"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Orthotrichum spp.",
"word": "bristle moss"
},
{
"word": "bristlemouth"
},
{
"word": "bristler"
},
{
"alt": "Austrochloritis",
"word": "bristle snail"
},
{
"word": "bristlet"
},
{
"word": "bristle-tail"
},
{
"word": "bristletail"
},
{
"word": "bristleworm"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Polychaeta spp.",
"word": "bristle worm"
},
{
"word": "bristly"
},
{
"word": "nanobristle"
},
{
"word": "rebristle"
},
{
"word": "yellow bristle grass"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bristil"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bristil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bristl"
},
"expansion": "Old English bristl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*burstilu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *burstilu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bursti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bursti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burstiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burstiz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "borstel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch borstel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Borste",
"t": "boar's bristle"
},
"expansion": "German Borste (“boar's bristle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "burst"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic burst",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰr̥stís"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥stís",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "brostaid",
"t": "to goad, spur"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish brostaid (“to goad, spur”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fastīgium",
"t": "top"
},
"expansion": "Latin fastīgium (“top”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "barszcz",
"t": "hogweed"
},
"expansion": "Polish barszcz (“hogweed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brust",
"3": "le",
"id2": "diminutive noun"
},
"expansion": "brust + -le",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bristil, bristel, brustel, from Old English bristl, byrst, *brystl, *byrstel, from Proto-West Germanic *burstilu, diminutive of Proto-West Germanic *bursti, from Proto-Germanic *burstiz (compare Dutch borstel, German Borste (“boar's bristle”), Icelandic burst), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥stís (compare Middle Irish brostaid (“to goad, spur”), Latin fastīgium (“top”), Polish barszcz (“hogweed”)), equivalent to brust + -le.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bristles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bristle (plural bristles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the bristles of a pig",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stiff or coarse hair, usually and especially on a nonhuman mammal."
],
"links": [
[
"stiff",
"stiff"
],
[
"coarse",
"coarse"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"nonhuman",
"nonhuman#English"
],
[
"mammal",
"mammal#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A chaeta: an analogous filament on arthropods, annelids, or other animals."
],
"links": [
[
"chaeta",
"chaeta#English"
],
[
"filament",
"filament#English"
],
[
"arthropods",
"arthropod#English"
],
[
"annelids",
"annelid#English"
],
[
"animals",
"animal#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The hairs or other filaments that make up a brush, broom, or similar item, typically made from plant cellulose, animal hairs, or synthetic polymers."
],
"links": [
[
"brush",
"brush"
],
[
"broom",
"broom"
],
[
"cellulose",
"cellulose#English"
],
[
"polymers",
"polymer#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹɪsəl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bristle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹʌsəl/",
"note": "dated, rural folk speech of New England and Upstate New York"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹɪstəl/",
"note": "dated, Southern US rural folk speech"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-bristle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪsəl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "četina",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "четина"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerra"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "štětina"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "børste"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "stoppelhaar"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bust"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "harjas"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "soie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "seda"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "serda"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Borste"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "mêrinx",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μῆριγξ"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "heu"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "sörte"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "pelo ispido"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "barba corta ispida"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "saeta"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "četina",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "четина"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "wana"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "perehina"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "tarakina"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pel"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "qıl",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "قیل"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "szczecina"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sierść"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerda"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščetína",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "щети́на"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "čekinja"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "kostret"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "kostrijet"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "četina"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "osje"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerda"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ceda"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "seta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "seda"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "borst"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "svinborst"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "tutsang"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "sert kıl"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ščetýna",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "щети́на"
},
{
"code": "vot",
"lang": "Votic",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"word": "śtšetina"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "stiff or coarse hair",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gwrych"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "børste"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "børstehår"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"word": "borstelhaar"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"word": "harjas"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"word": "poil"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Borste"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"word": "sörte"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"word": "szőr"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"word": "szál"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "setola"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "setole"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pel"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "włosie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerda"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščetína",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "щети́на"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vors",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ворс"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerda"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "borst"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "hair or straw of a brush, broom etc.",
"word": "kıl"
}
],
"word": "bristle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -le (diminutive noun)",
"English verbs",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subsection)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪsəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪsəl/2 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hawaiian translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Votic translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Hair"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bristling"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bristil"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bristil",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bristl"
},
"expansion": "Old English bristl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*burstilu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *burstilu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bursti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bursti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burstiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burstiz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "borstel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch borstel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Borste",
"t": "boar's bristle"
},
"expansion": "German Borste (“boar's bristle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "burst"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic burst",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰr̥stís"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥stís",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "brostaid",
"t": "to goad, spur"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish brostaid (“to goad, spur”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fastīgium",
"t": "top"
},
"expansion": "Latin fastīgium (“top”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "barszcz",
"t": "hogweed"
},
"expansion": "Polish barszcz (“hogweed”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brust",
"3": "le",
"id2": "diminutive noun"
},
"expansion": "brust + -le",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bristil, bristel, brustel, from Old English bristl, byrst, *brystl, *byrstel, from Proto-West Germanic *burstilu, diminutive of Proto-West Germanic *bursti, from Proto-Germanic *burstiz (compare Dutch borstel, German Borste (“boar's bristle”), Icelandic burst), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥stís (compare Middle Irish brostaid (“to goad, spur”), Latin fastīgium (“top”), Polish barszcz (“hogweed”)), equivalent to brust + -le.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bristles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bristling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bristled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bristled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bristle (third-person singular simple present bristles, present participle bristling, simple past and past participle bristled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1805, Walter Scott, “(please specify the page)”, in The Lay of the Last Minstrel: A Poem, London: […] [James Ballantyne] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, […], and A[rchibald] Constable and Co., […], →OCLC:",
"text": "His hair did bristle upon his head.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1929, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Disintegration Machine:",
"text": "He sat down with his elbows upon the desk, his gorilla hands clasped together, his beard bristling forward, and his big grey eyes, half-covered by his drooping lids, fixed benignly upon me.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rise or stand erect, like bristles."
],
"links": [
[
"rise",
"rise"
],
[
"stand",
"stand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To rise or stand erect, like bristles."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 5, in Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:",
"text": "the hill of La Haye Sainte bristling with ten thousand bayonets",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 2, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:",
"text": "ports bristling with thousands of masts",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 August 1, David Hytner, “Aubameyang at the double as Arsenal turn tables on Chelsea to win FA Cup”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "Kieran Tierney did not want to risk a challenge on Pulisic, who darted on to the ball with far greater purpose, and the dink over Emi Martínez bristled with composure.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To abound, to be covered with, or to have an abundance of, something, especially something jutting out."
],
"links": [
[
"with",
"with"
],
[
"abound",
"abound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, usually with with) To abound, to be covered with, or to have an abundance of, something, especially something jutting out."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with with"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The employees bristled at the prospect of working through the holidays.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:",
"text": "Now for the bare-picked bone of majesty / Doth dogged war bristle his angry crest.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 70:",
"text": "Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers. Piling debt onto companies’ balance-sheets is only a small part of what leveraged buy-outs are about, they insist. Improving the workings of the businesses they take over is just as core to their calling, if not more so. Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 May 5, Barry Doe, “The Independent has a better grasp than GWR's spokesman”, in RAIL, number 930, page 58:",
"text": "If only the industry could be honest and explain why it has been forced, owing to government policies, to increase fares over the quarter century since privatisation. Instead, it is defensive and clearly bristles with annoyance when someone merely states the facts.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be on one's guard or raise one's defenses; to react with fear, suspicion, or distance."
],
"links": [
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"with",
"with"
],
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"defenses",
"defenses"
],
[
"react",
"react"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
],
[
"suspicion",
"suspicion"
],
[
"distance",
"distance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, usually with at or with) To be on one's guard or raise one's defenses; to react with fear, suspicion, or distance."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with at or with"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1621, Philippus Camerarius, “Of the heroicall nature of Lions , tormented in ſome Conntreys with Gnats to the death” (chapter II), in Iohn Molle, transl., The Living Librarie, or, Meditations and Observations Historical, Natural,Moral, Political, and Poetical, London: […] Adam Islip, page 77:",
"text": "The lion is let looſe inthe night, and the Earle hauing a night-gowne caſt ouer his ſhirt, with his girdle and ſword, and ſo comming downe the ſtaires into the court, meeteth with the lion briſtling his haire, and roaring.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1627, “The Second Booke”, in A Relation of a Iourney begun An. Dom. 1610. […], 3rd edition, London: […] Ro. Allot, page 101:",
"text": "As for the Icnumon, hee hath but onely chāged his name;now called the Rat of Nilus.A beaſt particular to Ægypt,about the bigneſſe of a Cat, and as cleanly: ſnowted like a Ferret , but that blacke and without long haire,ſharpe tootht,round eard,ſhort legd,long taild (being thicke where it ioynes to the body,and ſpinie at the end)his haire ſharpe, hard,and branded, briſtling it vp when angry, and then will flye vpon a maſtiffe.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1631, Guillaume de Salluste Du Bartas, “The Tropheis. […]”, in Iosvah Sylvester, transl., Du Bartas: His Deuine Weekes And Workes […], page 196, column 1:",
"text": "As,when(at Cock-pit)two old Cocks doe fight,\n(Briſtling their Plumes,&(red with rage)do ſmite […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) rise or stand erect, like bristles."
],
"links": [
[
"rise",
"rise"
],
[
"stand",
"stand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, now rare or obsolete) To make (something) rise or stand erect, like bristles."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with uncommon senses",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Your blatant attitude always bristles me.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Guest Worker Programs: […], United States Government Publishing Office, page 116:",
"text": "Mr. Berman, you know me well enough to know that I—and it just bristles me when I hear agriculture thrown into one lump basket, that we’re a bunch of crooks and treat our workers bad, because that is not the case. I have—I wish you could talk to some of my farm workers.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016 November 20, Lauren Blakely, Out of Bounds, Bloomsbury Publishing, page 65:",
"text": "I scowl. “Pretty sure women are not explicitly forbidden in my contract.”\nHe lowers his voice. “No, but it’s good to be cautious when you're trying to rehab a public image.”\nSomething about the comment bristles me. “Hey, it’s not my image. I’ve always been good.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 February, Phoenix LeFae, Gwion Raven, Life Ritualized: A Witch's Guide to Honoring Life's Important Moments, Llewellyn Worldwide, page 135:",
"text": "When we take on a new name, it can be hard for other people to get used to. […] But if someone new in my life calls me that old name, it bristles me. That’s not who I am.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 April, Terry Westby-Nunn, The Artist Vanishes, Penguin Random House South Africa, page 159:",
"text": "‘No. I don’t believe in wasting my money on crap like that.’\n‘It’s not your money, it’s mine.’ I can see the comment bristles him; he feels inadequate: his daughter is wealthier than he’s ever been.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (someone) to be on one's guard or raise one's defenses."
],
"links": [
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"defenses",
"defenses"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, uncommon) To cause (someone) to be on one's guard or raise one's defenses."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to bristle a thread",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "For quotations using this term, see Citations:bristle."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fix a bristle or bristles to."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To fix a bristle or bristles to."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹɪsəl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bristle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bristle.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹʌsəl/",
"note": "dated, rural folk speech of New England and Upstate New York"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɹɪstəl/",
"note": "dated, Southern US rural folk speech"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-bristle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-bristle.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪsəl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nastrǎhvam",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "настръхвам"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "hirtiĝi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "se hérisser"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "erizar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "encrechar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "recachar"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "najeżyć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "eriçar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ščetínitʹsja",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "щети́ниться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oščetínivatʹsja",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ощети́ниваться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oščetínitʹsja",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ощети́ниться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "topórščitʹsja",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "топо́рщиться"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to rise or stand erect, like bristle",
"word": "erizar"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "recht overeind staan"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "stekelig reageren"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zjeżyć się"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "ponerse a la defensiva"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "resa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "stå på ända"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "resa ragg"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "lystra"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be on one's guard",
"word": "skjuta rygg"
}
],
"word": "bristle"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bristle meaning in All languages combined (29.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.